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Post Modernism

Timeline

  • Pre Modernism - Authority and the very thing of what we make reality from which include how humans are created or values determined, and etc comes directly from God and religion.
  • Modernism - Everything we know and Do comes directly from Man or humans, Religion is NOT the only factor. Science and logic now determines what we should and shouldn't do. The world is a lot more complex, there isn't just one way to understand it.
  • Post Modernism - Completely rejects both ideas as it beliefs that nothing is completely true and nothing is false. The way we makes sense of reality is completely depends on the a person perspective, background and beliefs. 
Important Keywords :

Objective Natural Reality : The Physical reality itself, nature, the world and the Universe as we see it.

Absolute Reality: Something that is completely true this include facts and values

Post Modernism Continued

Essentially Post Modern is a concept of where we question the ideas and values that has been associated to Modernism and Pre Modernism, This include long held beliefs, value systems, human nature and society as a whole. 

This is because post modernist believe that the very logic and reason we follow is merely conceptual constructs that we humans made and since its impossible to know something for certainty as everything we understand is a product mankind, there no such thing as an absolute fact. Some beliefs or reason we have in one culture might not be true in some other ones and as a result the very reality and understanding of what we have within our world is often just made up by humans. 

For Modernist, they believe the Objective Natural Reality exists in where everything in this world like natural objects such as trees, the ocean and sky is all independent of humans. Which means the world we live in is a separate entity from us as a race, they also create various general theories that explain nature and the social world. But Post modernist reject this ideas, as all of that comes from science and language where they themselves are constructs of humans. All these 'Grand Narratives' are just there to conform to existing beliefs, oppressing different ones and forcing them to change. Within Post Modernism there is always a different perspective for everything.

Examples: 

Art

Within Media

Jean Baudrillard

In Media, Post Modern texts usually criticizes or questions long held beliefs regarding how to make a film like how films need to have a linear narrative . For Post Modernists, a good film can reference others films, it can have a fragmented narrative and essentially there is NO certain ways to make a movie.  Just as long as the individual believe that good then it works.

Since everything is a copy of a copy. For the audience its hard to now differentiate between the simulation that you see within the media and reality itself. This results in debate and confusion that results in even more confusion as people struggle grasp the reality itself.  

Keywords:

  • Reality - Ex: Being there on a classroom yourself
  • Heightened Reality -  Ex: Watching a video about a lesson done in classroom, As the cam shots and edits would give you a different meaning.
  • Hyper Reality -  When the reality is bended so much by the media that it's hard to know wether it's real and fiction or even there at all. Ex: Playing a game about learning in a classroom. It's completely a simulation. ( Preferred ) 
  • Simulation - A part of Hyper Reality
  • Simulacra / Simulacrum - Does not exist or Never Existed at all
  • Documentary - Close to Reality
  • Mockumentary - Not trying to be real, clearly fiction
  • Reality TV - Its likely Competitive with real people but its also staged. 
  • Scripted Reality - Pretending to be real when its not.
  • Augmented Reality - Part of Hyper Reality where we brings aspects of simulation into our own world. 
  • Technological Convergence 
  • Meta - Showing awareness on yourself. Clearly self referential, For example : Deadpool saying how low the Budgets are in this film are, is a clear Meta example when the creators of Deadpool is Marvel and 20 Century Fox .

Good Website - Post Modern

Aspects of Post Modernism ( in Media ) 

  1. Everything we create are copies from copies - All movies have pretty much the same plot but developed in various different ways. 
  2. We are unable to distinguish between simulation and reality ( Hyperreality ) - Sometimes we get the knowledge of real life from the media it self, in fact most of the things we know comes from online sources. As a result its hard to see what exactly is true or not. 
  3. Meaning Implosion - There is so much meaning put into a media text that all them can't be true.

What Defines a Post Modern Media Text 

  • Intertextuality - When a producer or director makes either a subtle or direct reference on another media product on their own. 
  • Parody - References the style, genre or product within media to find comedic value on they're own texts by making fun of it or making it silly.
  • Homage - Reference made to pay respects by copying the genre, style or scene it self on they're own text.
  • Bricolage -  Unlike the Parody who makes fun of it and Homage who pays respect on a different media text. A pastiche just straight up samples or use older media products either through style, genre and etc in They're own media texts.
  • Pastiche  - Follows or imitates the style of filming of other producers or directors. 
  • Irony - When the opposite thing happens than what you think is going to happen. ( The very least thing you would expect ) 
  • Fragmented Narrative - The Story jumps back and forth in time, Sometimes it begins in the middle than to the past then into the future. 
  • Self  Reflexivity - Characters within the product knows that they are in a film. Basically breaking the fourth wall. ( Talking to the audience )  
  • Common Themes ( What if's, Future of Technology, Human Existence, Consumerism ) - 
  • Loss of Reality ( Surrealism ) - The Story within the movie is so out touch with reality that its seems so unreal.

Case Studies 

Heightened Reality 

Earthstorm ( Documentary ) - 2022


This Documentary series describes various natural disasters that the world experiences. This include, Tornadoes, Volcanoes, Earthquakes and Hurricanes. The series was made in 2022 by Adam Brown and was released only on Netflix.

Hyper Reality 

Deadpool II -  2018 

An American superhero film that based on comics that was produced by Marvel and 20 Century Fox who also distributed the film. It was released roughly on May 10th or 18th 2018 on the big screens.

Deadpool II Post Modernism


List: 
  • Intertextuality - YES - References Wolverine, Green Lantern, Top Gun, Lion King, Frozen, Star Wars. 
  • Parody - 
  • Homage - 
  • Bricolage -  
  • Pastiche  -
  • Irony -
  • Fragmented Narrative - 
  • Self  Reflexivity - A lot
  • Common Themes ( What if's, Future of Technology, Human Existence, Consumerism ) - What if you can go back in time, 
  • Loss of Reality ( Surrealism ) - Superhero's. Cyborgs or futuristic machines

She Hulk 


  • Intertextuality - YES 
  • Parody - YES
  • Homage -  YES
  • Bricolage -  YES
  • Pastiche  - YES
  • Irony - YES
  • Fragmented Narrative - NO
  • Self  Reflexivity - YES YES 
  • Common Themes ( What if's, Future of Technology, Human Existence, Consumerism ) - YES
  • Loss of Reality ( Surrealism ) -YES

Hell's Kitchen - Season 20 'Young Ones' ( Reality TV ) - 2021


The 20th addition to the long series of Hell Kitchen is a mainly about Young cooks fighting each other and the difference they bring compared to older contestants on previous seasons. This specific season was aired in Fox within the dates of May 31st - September 13th 2021. 

Hell's Kitchen itself is a Reality TV Show made by A. Smith & Co and distributed by ITV Studios who is a British Company. They're first ever release was at the 30th of May 2005.

  • Intertextuality - YES 
  • Parody - YES
  • Homage - NO
  • Bricolage -  NO
  • Pastiche  -NO
  • Irony - YES
  • Fragmented Narrative - NO
  • Self  Reflexivity - YES
  • Common Themes ( What if's, Future of Technology, Human Existence, Consumerism ) - NO
  • Loss of Reality ( Surrealism ) - NO

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